Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) - Baker Island (2007)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005) z Baker Island (2007)

	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)	Baker Island (2007)

Airports	-	one abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m covered with vegetation and unusable (2006)
Area	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island	total: 1.4 sq km land: 1.4 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.	The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast.
Climate	tropical	equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun
Coastline	74.1 km	4.8 km
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Baker Island
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services	unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	-
Disputes - international	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity	none
Economy - overview	no economic activity	no economic activity
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 8 m
Environment - current issues	NA	no natural fresh water resources
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	the flag of the US is used
Geographic coordinates	12 14 S, 123 05 E	0 13 N, 176 28 W
Geography - note	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983	treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Legal system	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply	the laws of the US, where applicable, apply
Location	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island	Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia
Map references	Southeast Asia	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force	defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard
Natural hazards	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	fish	guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife
People - note	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem	-
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.)	uninhabited note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	-
Terrain	low with sand and coral	low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef
Transportation - note	-	there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast

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